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L-1011 TriStar
Gulf Air L-1011-200 TriStar on final approach at London Heathrow Airport in 1983
RoleWide-bodyjet airliner
ManufacturerLockheed Corporation
First flightNovember 16, 1970
IntroductionApril 26, 1972 with Eastern Air Lines
RetiredJanuary 2019[citation needed]
StatusRetired from commercial service
Primary usersOrbital ATK
Barq Aviation (historical)
British Airways (historical)
Delta Air Lines(historical)
Produced1968–1984
Number built250
Unit cost
VariantsLockheed TriStar (RAF)
Stargazer (aircraft)

The Lockheed L-1011 TriStar, commonly referred to as the L-1011 (pronounced 'L-ten-eleven') or TriStar, is an American medium-to-long-range, wide-body trijet airliner by Lockheed Corporation. It was the third wide-body airliner to enter commercial operations, after the Boeing 747 and the McDonnell Douglas DC-10. The airliner has a seating capacity of up to 400 passengers and a range of over 4,000 nautical miles (7,410 km). Its trijet configuration has three Rolls-Royce RB211 engines with one engine under each wing, along with a third engine center-mounted with an S-duct air inlet embedded in the tail and the upper fuselage. The aircraft has an autoland capability, an automated descent control system, and available lower deck galley and lounge facilities.

The L-1011 TriStar was produced in two fuselage lengths. The original L-1011-1 first flew in November 1970, and entered service with Eastern Air Lines in 1972. The shortened, longer range L-1011-500 first flew in 1978, and entered service with British Airways a year later. The original-length TriStar was also produced as the high gross weight L-1011-100, up-rated engine L-1011-200, and further upgraded L-1011-250. Post-production conversions for the L-1011-1 with increased takeoff weights included the L-1011-50 and L-1011-150.

The L-1011 TriStar's sales were hampered by two years of delays due to developmental and financial problems at Rolls-Royce, the sole manufacturer of the aircraft's engines. Between 1968 and 1984, Lockheed manufactured a total of 250 TriStars, assembled at the Lockheed plant located at the Palmdale Regional Airport in southern California north of Los Angeles. After production ended, Lockheed withdrew from the commercial aircraft business due to its below-target sales.[2]

  • 1Development
  • 3Operational history
  • 4Variants
    • 4.7L-1011-500
  • 6Accidents and incidents
  • 8Specifications

Development[edit]

Origins[edit]

In the 1960s, American Airlines approached Lockheed and competitor Douglas (later McDonnell Douglas) with the need for an airliner smaller than the 747 capable of carrying a large passenger load to distant locales such as London and Latin America from company hubs at Dallas-Ft Worth and New York. Lockheed had not produced civilian airliners since 1961 with the L-188 Electra. In the 1950s the Electra was designed for turboprop propulsion, which Lockheed had successfully used on the C-130 Hercules military transport. Even after the Electra overcame vibration problems that caused a number of crashes early in its career, the market for large airliners would soon shift over to jet airliners such as the Boeing 707 and Douglas DC-8.[3][4][5] Lockheed won contracts for jet military transports with the C-141 StarLifter, and pioneered very large jet transports with the large C-5 Galaxy with its high-bypass turbofan engines. Boeing lost the military contract, but its private-venture 747 captured what would become a much larger civilian airliner market for wide-body airliners.

Having experienced difficulties with some of their military programs, Lockheed was eager to re-enter the civilian market with a smaller wide-body jet, and their response was the L-1011 TriStar. Douglas Aircraft answered American Airlines with the DC-10, which had a similar three engine configuration and dimensions.[6] Despite their similarities, the L-1011 and DC-10's engineering approach differed greatly. McDonnell, who had recently taken over Douglas Aircraft, directed DC-10 development on a 'very firm budget, and cost overruns were unacceptable – even at the expense of safety', and the conservative approach meant reusing Douglas DC-8 technology. By contrast, Lockheed would 'take the most advanced technology of the day and when that technology was lacking, Lockheed created it' for the L-1011[7] in order to give it lower noise emissions (in the early 1970s, Eastern Air Lines nicknamed the L-1011 'WhisperLiner'), improved reliability, and higher efficiency over first generation jet airliners. The TriStar name was selected in a Lockheed employee naming contest for the airliner.[citation needed] The advanced technology that went into the TriStar resulted in a high purchase price. It has been said that 'airlines could get a 747 for slightly more, or a DC-10 for a good deal less'.[8]

The TriStar's design featured a twin-aisle interior with a maximum of 400 passengers and a three-engine layout. The TriStar was originally conceived as a 'jumbo twin', but a three-engine design was ultimately chosen to give the aircraft enough thrust to take off from existing runways.[6] In addition, before the establishment of Extended Operations standards by the FAA in the 1980s, commercial jets with only two engines were not allowed to fly more than 30 minutes away from an airport, making trans-oceanic flights impossible. The main visible difference between the TriStar and its similar trijet competitor, the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, is the central tail engine configuration: the DC-10's engine is mounted above the fuselage for simplicity of design and more economical construction, while the TriStar's engine is mounted to the rear fuselage and fed through an S-duct (similar to the Boeing 727) for reduced drag and improved stability.[8][9] Lockheed engineers were able to maintain straight-through engine performance by limiting the curve of the S-duct to less than a quarter of the radius of the engine intake diameter. The S-duct design also reduced the total empty aircraft weight. The research undertaken during the design of the L-1011 indicated that losses of using an S-duct were more than compensated for by the above savings.[10] A further major difference between the L-1011 and the DC-10 was Lockheed's selection of the Rolls-Royce RB211 as the only engine for the L-1011.[11][12] As originally designed, the RB211 turbofan was an advanced three-spool design with a carbon fiber fan,[13] which would have better efficiency and power-to-weight ratio than any competing engine like the General Electric CF6 that powered the DC-10. In theory, the triple spool would produce the same or more power as existing double spool engines while having a smaller cross section that would reduce drag.[7][8]

American Airlines opted for the Douglas DC-10, although they showed considerable interest in the L-1011. American's intent was to convince Douglas to lower their price for the DC-10, which they did.[14] Without the support of American, the TriStar was launched on orders from TWA and Eastern Air Lines.

Prototype L-1011 TriStar being prepared for its first flight test in 1970

Although the TriStar's design schedule closely followed that of its competitor, McDonnell Douglas beat Lockheed to market by a year due to delays in powerplant development. In February 1971, after massive development costs associated with the RB211, Rolls-Royce went into receivership.[15][16] This halted L-1011 final assembly and Lockheed investigated the possibility of a US engine supplier.[17] However the engineering was finalized at that stage in the TriStar's development and its S-duct, which was designed to fit the smaller cross-section of the triple spool RB-211 engine that would have reduced drag, was too small in diameter to accommodate an existing double spool engine.[8] One option presented was potential outsource of RB-211 production to Canadian manufacturer Orenda Engines.[18]

The British government agreed to approve a large state subsidy to restart Rolls-Royce operations on condition the U.S. government guarantee the bank loans Lockheed needed to complete the L-1011 project.[Note 1] Despite some opposition, not least from the then Governor of California, Ronald Reagan, the U.S. government provided these guarantees.[20] For the rest of the RB211 project, Rolls-Royce remained a government-owned company.[21]

Production[edit]

An L-1011-1 of Pacific Southwest Airlines at Lockheed's Palmdale plant

The TriStar's internal Lockheed model number is L-093. The TriStar was manufactured in Lockheed facilities in Burbank and Palmdale, California.

Lockheed discovered fairly early on that the TriStar suffered from higher than estimated structural weight, engine weight, and specific fuel consumption. To rectify this problem and to meet performance guarantees, Lockheed developed a structural kit that allowed maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) to be increased on production aircraft from 409,000 to 430,000 pounds (186,000 to 195,000 kg). However, the weight problems affected the weight and desirability of early production L-1011-1 aircraft, known as Group 1 (serial numbers 1002 through to 1012).

Group 1 aircraft have an OEW of 252,700 pounds (114,600 kg), about 12,700 pounds (5,800 kg) higher than later aircraft, while Group 2 aircraft (serial numbers 1013 through 1051) have an OEW of 247,000 pounds (112,000 kg), some 4,700 pounds (2,100 kg) lower. These aircraft, in general, also have different center of gravity envelopes with the forward center of gravity limit on the early aircraft being more restrictive at higher gross weights. Groups 1 and 2 aircraft (serial numbers 1002 to 1051) are upgradeable only to -50 or -150 specifications, although the Group 1 aircraft (up to serial number 1012) still maintain their operating disadvantages. All L-1011-1 aircraft from serial number 1052 onwards are Group 3 aircraft and are fully upgradeable to all variants up to -250 specification.

British Airways L-1011-385 TriStar in Landor livery in 1986

Under state control, costs at Rolls-Royce were tightly controlled and their efforts largely went into the original TriStar engines, which needed considerable modifications between the L-1011's first flight and service entry. The competition, notably General Electric, was very quick to develop their CF6 engine with more thrust, which meant that a heavier 'intercontinental' DC-10-30 could be more quickly brought to market. The flexibility afforded to potential customers by a long-range DC-10 put the L-1011 at a serious disadvantage. Rolls-Royce went on to develop the high-thrust RB211-524 for the L-1011-200 and -500, but this took many years.[22]

The resultant delay in Lockheed and Rolls-Royce offering a high gross variant with a longer range, coupled with the TriStar's delayed introduction, meant that only 250 TriStars were sold compared to some 400 DC-10s.[8] Lockheed needed to sell 500 airliners to break even, but in 1981, the company announced production would end with delivery of the 250th and last L-1011 on order in 1984.[23][24]

The TriStar's failure to achieve profitability caused Lockheed to withdraw from the civilian aircraft business.[2] The TriStar's rivalry with the DC-10 has been seen as a 'case study in what can happen when two manufacturers attempt to split a market that simply could not support both aircraft'. Lockheed lacked the resources to follow up with several proposals based on the TriStar wing and airframe, including a wide-body twinjet and a stretched quad-jet (one of the quadjet proposals consisting of two underwing engines and two rear fuselage mounted engines). McDonnell Douglas was also financially weakened and could only develop the MD-11, a refinement of the DC-10, instead of an all-new design to challenge the next generation of twinjets like the Boeing 777, and the MD-11's poor sales led to McDonnell Douglas going bankrupt and merging with Boeing.[7]

Design[edit]

The L-1011 TriStar's three-crew flight deck
Coach cabin of a TWA L-1011 TriStar in 2–5–2 layout

The L-1011 featured a highly advanced autopilot system and was the first widebody to receive FAA certification for Cat-IIIcautolanding, which approved the TriStar for completely blind landings in zero-visibility weather performed by the aircraft's autopilot.[25] The L-1011 used an inertial navigation system to navigate;[26][27] this included aligning the navigation system by entering current coordinates of longitude and latitude.[7]

It also had a unique direct lift control (DLC) system, which allowed for smooth approaches when landing, without having to use significant pitch changes while on the approach path.[28][29] DLC helps maintain the aircraft on the glideslope during final approach by automatically deploying spoiler panels on the wings. Thus, rather than maintaining the descent by adjusting pitch, DLC helps control the descent while maintaining a more consistent pitch angle, using four redundant hydraulic systems. Production also used a unique 'autoclave' system for bonding fuselage panels together; this made the L-1011 extremely resistant to corrosion.

Operational history[edit]

Commercial[edit]

The prototype first flew on November 16, 1970.[30] The crew for that flight was H. B. Dees (pilot), Ralph C. Cokely (copilot), and G.E. Fisher (development engineer). The L-1011 was certified on April 14, 1972, with the first airliner delivered to Eastern Air Lines on April 26, 1972.[30] To further publicize the new aircraft, an L-1011 was taken on a world tour during 1972 by famed Lockheed test pilot Tony LeVier. In a demonstration by test pilots LeVier and Charles Hall, 115 crew members, employees, and reporters embarked on the TriStar for a 4-hour, 13-minute flight from Palmdale to Dulles Airport 'with the TriStar's AFCS feature engaged from takeoff roll to landing', and Lockheed touted it as 'a groundbreaking moment: the first cross-country flight without the need for human hands on the controls'.[31]

An Eastern Air Lines L-1011 Tristar in St. Louis in 1972. This aircraft crashed in The Everglades a few weeks after photo was taken.

TWA heralded the TriStar as one of the safest aircraft in the world in promotional literature in the 1980s when concern over the safety record of the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, flown by rival airlines, was at its peak.[30] The L-1011 has been involved in five fatal accidents, only one of which was due to a problem with the aircraft.[32]

Delta Air Lines was the type's largest customer.[33] Delta retired its TriStars in 2001 to replace them with the Boeing 767-400ER. Cathay Pacific eventually became the largest non-U.S. operator of the type by acquiring many of the Eastern Air Lines examples when Eastern went bankrupt, operating as many as 21 aircraft. Cathay Pacific retired its L-1011s in October 1996, and replaced the type with the Airbus A330-300. TWA withdrew its last TriStar from service in 1997.

A Cathay Pacific L-1011 at Osaka International Airport, Japan in 1990

To secure the Japanese market, Lockheed secretly bribed several members of the Japanese government to subsidize All Nippon Airways' purchase of L-1011s; this caused a significant scandal when the bribes were uncovered.[34][35] The discovered scale to what has become known as the Lockheed bribery scandal led to the arrest of Japanese Prime Minister Kakuei Tanaka, as well as several other officials.[36] Within Lockheed, board chairman Daniel Haughton and vice chairman and president Carl Kotchian resigned their posts on February 13, 1976.[37] Tanaka was eventually tried and found guilty of violating foreign exchange control laws, but was not charged with bribery, a more serious criminal offense.[38][39] Crucially for Lockheed, the fallout from the scandal included the loss of a contract worth in excess of $1 billion.[40]

The Soviet Union at that time lacked a widebody airliner. Development of its own Ilyushin Il-86 was delayed;[41][42] consequently, in the mid-1970s, the Soviets started negotiations to buy 30 TriStars and licence-produce up to 100 a year.[43][44] The talks collapsed as US President Jimmy Carter made human rights an important consideration in US foreign policy.[45][46] The TriStar was also listed by the Coordinating Committee as embodying advanced technology banned from potential enemies, thus being a serious obstacle to the export deal.

In recent years[when?]the L-1011 has been used by smaller start-up carriers, particularly in Africa and Asia. These operators mainly do their business in the ad hoc charter and wet leasing businesses. ATA Airlines (formerly known as American Trans Air) fleet included over 19 TriStars, but operations dwindled to only three L-1011-500s prior to the company's shutdown in April 2008. The last commercial Tristar flight operated on January 7, 2019.[citation needed]

Military[edit]

Main article: Lockheed TriStar (RAF)

The TriStar has also been used as a military tanker and passenger/cargo aircraft. The British Royal Air Force had nine aircraft of four variants. The aircraft were six ex-British Airways and three Pan Am L-1011-500s.[47][48][49] All of the aircraft served with No. 216 Squadron, and were based at RAF Brize Norton. The TriStar was replaced in RAF service by the Airbus A330 MRTT under the Future Strategic Tanker Aircraft program.[50] 216 Squadron was officially disbanded on 20 March 2014 and flew its last sorties with the TriStar on 24 March 2014.[51]

Other[edit]

Northrop Grumman's L-1011-100 'Stargazer' releases Pegasus rocket

In the early 1990s, Orbital Sciences began to use a converted L-1011-100 named Stargazer to launch Pegasus rockets into orbit around Earth. This venture effectively rendered the small Scout rocket obsolete.[52][53] This aircraft was also used in support of the X-34 and X-43 programs. NASA performed aerodynamic research on Orbital Sciences' L-1011 in 1995.[54] As of 2019, three L-1011s in the world are airworthy.[55]

Variants[edit]

The earlier versions of the L-1011, such as the -1, -100, and -150 can be distinguished from the later models by the design of the middle engine nacelles. The earlier version nacelle has a round intake, whereas the later models have a small vertical fin between the bottom of the middle engine intake and the top of the fuselage.

The two L-1011 aircraft delivered to Pacific Southwest Airlines were configured with internal airstair doors that led into an entry hall in what was normally the forward lower baggage hold. This was to allow operations from airfields that did not have terminal buildings with jet bridges. These two aircraft were later in service with Aeroperú and Worldways Canada.

L-1011-1[edit]

A Thai Sky Airlines L-1011-1 at Hong Kong International Airport in 2005

The L-1011-1 (FAA certification L-1011-385-1) was the first production model of the L-1011, designed for short- and medium-range flights. This variant served as the basis for subsequent variants. This type was purchased by Air Canada, ANA, Cathay Pacific, Eastern, and other operators with regional trunk routes requiring a widebody aircraft. Pacific Southwest Airlines purchased two L-1011-1 models with lower deck seating.[56] This variant was also one of the few widebodies to have the option for a full-height built-in airstair.[30]

The L-1011-1 was first delivered to Eastern Air Lines on April 5, 1972. A total of 160 L-1011-1 TriStars were built before production ended in 1983, although the majority of these, 119 or 75% of the total, were completed during a four-year period between 1972 and 1975. Most sales of the L-1011-1 were to US operators, with just three airlines, Delta, Eastern, and TWA, taking delivery of 110 combined. A further two aircraft were placed with a fourth US airline, Pacific Southwest Airlines.[30]

L-1011-100[edit]

Trans World Airlines L-1011-100 TriStar

The L-1011-100 (FAA certification L-1011-385-1-15) was the second production model of the L-1011 and first flew in 1975 and featured a new center fuel tank and higher gross weights that increased the aircraft's range by nearly 930 miles (1,500 km). Launch orders for the L-1011-100 were placed by Saudia and Cathay Pacific, for two each, in May 1974. First deliveries took place in June 1975.

The variant was also purchased by several airlines with longer-range routes, such as TWA, Air Canada, and BEA (which merged with BOAC to form British Airways). The first two L-1011-100s (serial numbers 1110 and 1116) were delivered new to Saudia with the same fuel capacity as the L-1011-1 (FAA certification L-1011-385-1-14); these were later upgraded to L-1011-200 specification.

L-1011-50[edit]

The L-1011-50 was an upgraded version of the L-1011-1 with an increase in maximum takeoff weight from 430,000 pounds (195,000 kg) to either 440,000 pounds (200,000 kg) or 450,000 pounds (204,000 kg). Fuel capacity was not increased. The -50 was available only as a conversion package for the L-1011-1 and was never built new.

L-1011-150[edit]

The L-1011-150 was a development of the L-1011-1 with its maximum takeoff weight increased to 470,000 pounds (210,000 kg). It was available only as a conversion for the L-1011-1. The -150 involves the conversion of Group 1 and Group 2 L-1011-1 aircraft to an MTOW of 470,000 pounds (210,000 kg), an increase of 40,000 pounds (18,000 kg), about 10%, from the L-1011-1, giving the aircraft a slightly better range than the -50, but without the additional center-section fuel tank, less than the L-1011-100 aircraft. The first aircraft was converted by MBB at Lemwerder in Germany during the winter of 1988/89 and was subsequently handed over to Air Transat of Canada on May 11, 1989.

L-1011-200[edit]

A Saudia L-1011-200 TriStar at London Heathrow Airport, 1985

The L-1011-200 (FAA certification L-1011-385-1-15), the third production model of the L-1011, was introduced in 1976. Although otherwise similar to the -100, the -200 uses Rolls-Royce RB.211-524B engines to improve its performance in hot and high-altitude conditions. Gulf Air used -200 models to replace its earlier-generation Vickers VC10 fleet.

Other than the engines, the basic TriStar -200 is identical to the -100, with center-section fuel, having a MTOW of 466,000 pounds (211,000 kg), and fuel capacity of 26,400 US gallons (100,000 l) as the -100. An increase of gross weight to 474,000 pounds (215,000 kg) is possible, with the heavier aircraft offered by Lockheed as -200I or -200(Improved). Saudi Arabian Airlines (Saudia) was a launch customer for the -200 series and operated a sizable fleet until 1998. A total of 24 L-1011-200 aircraft were built new, with the first delivered to Saudia on May 28, 1977. Like other TriStar improvements, a conversion program has also been offered.

L-1011-250[edit]

The L-1011-250 was an upgrade developed for late-model L-1011-1 aircraft and all L-1011-100 and L-1011-200 aircraft. The more powerful engines, lengthened wing, active-load-control ailerons and other systems that had been developed for the L-1011-500 were adapted into the baseline model. The changes resulted in increases in maximum takeoff weight to 510,000 pounds (230,000 kg) and fuel capacity from 23,600 US gal (89,335 l) to 31,632 US gal (119,735 l). This variant also used the upgraded RB211-524B4I engine, which could be easily retrofitted to the existing RB211-524B powerplants of the L-1011-200, but it required a re-engining on the L-1011-1 and L-1011-100, which used the original RB211-22B. The conversion allowed the L-1011 to match the performance of the long-range McDonnell Douglas DC-10-30. Although it was applicable to all L-1011 models, the upgrade was only undertaken by Delta on six late-model L-1011-1 aircraft.

L-1011-500[edit]

A TAP Air Portugal L-1011-500 departing from Lisbon Portela Airport in 1988

The L-1011-500 (FAA certification L-1011-385-3) was the last L-1011 variant to enter production. It was a longer-range variant first flight tested in 1978. Its fuselage length was shortened by 14 feet (4.3 m) and MTOW increased to allow higher fuel loads.[citation needed] More powerful RB.211-524 engines, increased wingspan, active-load-control ailerons and other improved systems were features introduced by Lockheed to exploit newly available technologies in the late 1970s. The -500 variant was popular among international operators and formed a significant portion of the L-1011 fleet of Delta and British Airways. However, its late introduction resulted in many potential customers buying the DC-10-30 instead.

The TriStar 500 first flew on October 16, 1978, with the first delivery to British Airways on April 27, 1979. It entered service with British Airways on May 7, 1979, flying between London and Abu Dhabi.

Dimensions[edit]

The TriStar 500 has an overall length of 164 feet 2 inches (50.04 m) and wingspan increased to 164 feet 4 inches (50.09 m) (early TriStar versions originally had the TriStar 1 wing with a span of 155 feet 4 inches (47.35 m)).

Flying surfaces[edit]

Lockheed developed some aerodynamic improvements for the TriStar 500 which included a modified wing-to-body fairing, a fillet below the central intake, extended wingtips, and 'active ailerons' or active control system (ACS). The new fairing reduced drag, while the fillet reduced noise in the rear cabin. The wingtip extensions increased aspect ratio, thus reducing induced drag, but resulted in increased bending. The ACS, developed to solve this, provided gust alleviation, improving ride during flight, reduced fuel burn, and increased fatigue life.

Earlier TriStar 500s were delivered with the standard wing; these were later retrofitted with ailerons and extended wingtips. Pan Am was the first customer to order the -500 with the extended wingtips and active ailerons. Aircraft serial number 1176, the first for Pan Am, was the first TriStar 500 to be fitted with them as standard.

Powerplant[edit]

An Air Lanka L-1011-500 TriStar ferrying an extra engine.

The TriStar 500 is equipped with the more powerful RB211-524B engines. Initially rated at 50,000 lbf (220 kN) thrust each, the higher-thrust 53,000 lbf (240 kN) -524B4 Improved (also referred to as the -524B4I) later became available, which also offered improved fuel efficiency.

Performance[edit]

Originally certified with an MTOW of 496,000 pounds (225,000 kg), an increased MTOW of 504,000 pounds (229,000 kg) was later certified in 1979, and all earlier production aircraft were certified at this weight. A further increase, to 510,000 pounds (230,000 kg), is also available, and most TriStar 500s are thought to have had this increase. Standard fuel capacity is 31,600 US gallons (120,000 l), giving the TriStar 500 a range of about 5,200 nautical miles (9,600 km) with 246 passengers and baggage.

Cabin[edit]

The TriStar 500's maximum passenger capacity is 315, although no aircraft were operated with that number of seats. A typical two-class layout might include 21 first and 229 economy for a maximum of 250 passengers. More spacious three-class layouts used on longer routes include 233 with 12 first, 32 business, and 189 economy with Delta Air Lines. The aircraft is equipped with six exits, two fewer than the long-body TriStars, thus reducing the exit limit maximum.

Operators[edit]

Main article: List of Lockheed L-1011 operators
ATA L-1011-500 landing at Frankfurt, 2005

The only five L-1011 TriStars in service as of 2019 include Orbital ATK'sStargazer[57][58], N91011 ('TriStar Experience') of Tristar History and Preservation,[59][60][61] and 3 L-1011-500 of Barq Aviation in Jordan.[62]

Accidents and incidents[edit]

As of December 2011, the L-1011 was involved in 32 aviation occurrences,[63] including 11 hull-loss accidents,[64] with 539 fatalities.[65]

Of the four pioneering widebody aircraft (Boeing 747, McDonnell Douglas DC-10, L-1011, and Airbus A300/A310 family), the Lockheed L-1011 had comparatively few accidents and a better safety record than its competitors.[66][67][68]

Notable accidents and incidents[edit]

  • On December 29, 1972, Eastern Air Lines Flight 401, an L-1011, crashed in the Florida Everglades as a result of the flight crew's failure to monitor the flight instruments during a malfunction of the landing gear position indicator system. The crash resulted in 101 fatalities, and was the subject of two TV movies, Crash and The Ghost of Flight 401. It was also the subject of a Mayday episode.[69][70]
  • On April 12, 1977, Delta Airlines Flight 1080, on takeoff from San Diego, had a left stabilizer jammed undetected in the full trailing-edge-up position.[71] This failure resulted in a large noseup and rolling moment that almost exceeded the capability of the flight controls.[72] The airplane was just about to stall in the clouds when Captain Jack McMahan,[73] with unusual insight, reduced power on the wing engines and began using the throttles to supplement the remaining flight controls, using differential and collective engine thrust.[74] Cabin crew moved all the passengers forward in the cabin to redistribute weight and help get the nose down. Steve Heidt, the flight engineer, said, 'It probably didn't help much, but in that situation we figured every little bit would help.' [75] All the way from San Diego to Los Angeles, the aircraft flew with its pitch controlled by differential thrust between tail and wing engines, while the left roll tendency was compensated by wing differential thrust, and made a successful emergency landing in Los Angeles.[76] According to incident analysis by Warren VanderBurgh, comprehensive crew training played a critical role in control recovery.[77]
  • On August 19, 1980, a fire destroyed the L-1011-200 used for Saudia Flight 163 on the ground after the pilots made an emergency landing at Riyadh's International Airport due to fire in the rear of the aircraft. Delays in initiating the evacuation of the aircraft led to the deaths of all 287 passengers and 14 crew.[78][79]
  • On December 23, 1980, Saudia Flight 162, an L-1011, had a tire explode and penetrate the passenger cabin. The aircraft lost cabin pressure and two passengers were ejected through a hole in the cabin floor.[80]
  • On September 22, 1981, Eastern Airlines Flight 935 departed Newark, New Jersey, and suffered an uncontained failure of its number two (tail) engine at 14,500 feet (4,400 m), while en route to San Juan, Puerto Rico.[81][82] The fragments from that engine damaged three of its four hydraulic systems resulting in fluid loss in them. The rudder pedals also jammed. The fragments struck but did not puncture the lines for the other hydraulic system; the captain was able to safely land the aircraft at John F. Kennedy International Airport, with some limited use of the outboard spoilers, the inboard ailerons and the horizontal stabilizer, plus differential engine power of the remaining two engines. There were no injuries. The L-1011 having four hydraulic systems (instead of three like the DC-10) allowed for a safe landing.[83][84]
  • On May 5, 1983, Eastern Air Lines Flight 855, L-1011 registration N334EA, while flying from Miami to Nassau, shut down the number 2 engine due to low oil pressure and began a return to Miami. Both of the remaining engines later failed. Without power, flight 855 descended from 13,000 to 4,000 feet (1,200 m) before the number 2 engine was restarted and the aircraft landed in Miami without injuries. Incorrect engine maintenance had led to the loss of oil on all three engines.[85]
  • On April 5, 1984, a Saudia Lockheed L-1011 TriStar on final approach to Damascus from Jeddah was hijacked by a Syrian national. The hijacker demanded to be taken to Istanbul, Turkey, but changed his mind and requested to go to Stockholm. After landing in Istanbul to refuel, the pilot pushed the hijacker, who was arrested, out the emergency exit.[86]
A British Airtours TriStar overran the runway at Leeds Bradford International Airport in 1985.
  • On May 27, 1985, British Airtours flight 101, registration G-BBAI, from Palma Airport, Mallorca, Spain overran the runway on landing at Leeds Bradford International Airport, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom. 12 of the 412 people on board suffered minor injuries when exiting down steep rear ramps. The aircraft was severely damaged.[87]
  • On August 2, 1985, Delta Air Lines Flight 191, an L-1011, crashed while approaching Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport in microburst conditions. The crash killed eight of 11 crew members and 128 of the 152 passengers on board, as well as one person on the ground.[88][89]
  • On October 18, 1985, a Jordanian Airlines L-1011 experienced an inflight fire at 24,000 feet while on approach to Singapore. The fire burned through the rear pressure bulkhead, causing explosive depressurization of the cabin. The air rushing out of the cabin extinguished the fire, saving the aircraft.[90]
  • On May 3, 1986, Air Lanka Flight 512, an L-1011, was destroyed on the ground in Colombo, Sri Lanka, after a bomb exploded in the rear cargo hold, severing the tail and killing 21 people.[91]
  • On July 30, 1992, TWA Flight 843, an L-1011, had its takeoff aborted by the captain after liftoff from JFK, in response to a false stall warning. The aircraft landed too hard, breaking a wing spar and starting a fire. All 292 passengers and crew evacuated safely, with only 10 minor injuries. The airliner was destroyed by fire.[92]

Aircraft on display[edit]

  • N1011 – L-1011-1 on display at the Delta Flight Museum in Atlanta, Georgia. This is the forward upper fuselage of the prototype aircraft and is painted in Delta colors.[93]
  • C-FTNA - L-1011-1 on display at the Lyon–Saint-Exupéry Airport in Lyon, France. After Air Transat flight TSC906 was damaged in a hailstorm, the plane returned to Lyon and was written off. It is still used today for emergency training.[94][95]
  • N31019 – L-1011-50 on display at the National Airline History Museum in Kansas City, Missouri at the Charles B. Wheeler Downtown Airport.[96]
  • TT-DWE – L-1011-100 on display at the Emirates National Auto Museum in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates. This aircraft was originally delivered to British Airways.[97]
  • HZ-AHP – L-1011-200 in Saudia livery on display as a gate guardian at the Royal Saudi Air Force Museum in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.[98]
  • 9Y-TGN – L-1011-500 on display at the Chaguaramas Military History and Aerospace Museum in Chaguaramas, Trinidad. This aircraft was previously operated by BWIA West Indies Airways.[99][100]
  • N91011 – L-1011-500 on display with Tristar History and Preservation at Kansas City International Airport. It was previously in storage at Southern California Logistics Airport in Victorville, California.[101][59][102]

Specifications[edit]

Lockheed L-1011-500 TriStar blueprint drawing
L-1011 Specifications[103]
VariantL-1011-1L-1011-200L-1011-500
Cockpit crewThree
Seating256 (mixed-class)246 (mixed-class)
Exit limit400330
Interior width18 feet 11 inches (5.77 m)
Length177 ft 812 in (54.17 m)164 ft 212 in (50.05 m)
Wingspan155 ft 4 in (47.35 m)164 ft 4 in (50.09 m)
Height55 ft 4 in (16.87 m)
Wing area3,456 sq ft (321.1 m2)3,541 sq ft (329.0 m2)
MTOW430,000 lb (200,000 kg)466,000 lb (211,374 kg)510,000 lb (231,332 kg)
OEW241,700 lb (110,000 kg)248,400 lb (113,000 kg)245,400 lb (111,000 kg)
Fuel capacity23,814 US gal (90,150 l)26,502 US gal (100,320 l)31,642 US gal (119,780 l)
Engines (×3)Rolls-Royce RB211-22RB.211-524B
Thrust (×3)42,000 lbf (187 kN)50,000 lbf (222 kN)
Mmo[104]Mach 0.90 (516 kn; 956 km/h)
Cruise[a]520 kn (963 km/h)515 kn (954 km/h)525 kn (972 km/h)
Stall[b]108 kn (200 km/h)110 kn (204 km/h)114 kn (211 km/h)
Range[c]2,680 nmi (4,963 km)3,600 nmi (6,667 km)5,345 nmi (9,899 km)
Ferry range[d]4,250 nmi (7,871 km)4,935 nmi (9,140 km)6,090 nmi (11,279 km)
Ceiling[104]42,000 ft (12,800 m)43,000 ft (13,100 m)
  1. ^30,000 ft (9,100 m)
  2. ^max. landing weight, flaps and gear down
  3. ^max. passengers + baggage
  4. ^max. fuel

Deliveries[edit]

19721973197419751976197719781979198019811982198319841985Total
173941241612814242813553249

Popular culture[edit]

  • The props used to represent the crashed airliner in the first episode of Lost were derived from a dismantled L-1011, formerly belonging to Eastern Airlines and later Delta.[105]
  • The band El Ten Eleven, a Los Angeles post-rock duo, derives its name from the Lockheed L-1011 TriStar.[106]

See also[edit]

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era

Related lists

References[edit]

Notes

  1. ^The British government did approve a large state subsidy because if Lockheed (which was itself weakened by the difficulties) had failed, the market for the RB211 would have evaporated.[19]

Citations

  1. ^'Airliner price index'. Flight International. August 10, 1972. p. 183.
  2. ^ abGreenwald, John, Jerry Hannifin and Joseph J. Kane. 'Catch a Falling TriStar.'Time, December 21, 1981. Retrieved: January 6, 2007.
  3. ^'Accident Synopsis 09291959.' AirDisaster.com, 2008. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  4. ^'NASA Wind Tunnel Tests.' NASA. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  5. ^'Disasters: Electra's Tragedy.'TIME, October 17, 1960.
  6. ^ ab'Lockheed L-1011.'Chasing the Sun (PBS). Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  7. ^ abcd'Requiem for a Trijet Masterpiece - the Lockheed L-1011'. September 30, 2015.
  8. ^ abcde'The Lockheed L1011 - Saying Goodbye to Another Trijet'. March 24, 2014.
  9. ^The Aeronautical Journal, Volume 78.Royal Aeronautical Society, 1974, pp. 392, 398. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  10. ^SAE Transactions. Society of Automotive Engineers. 1970. p. 1436. Retrieved December 11, 2008.
  11. ^'Three Shaft Engine Design.' Rolls-Royce. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  12. ^Pugh 2001, pp. 120–122.
  13. ^'The New Steel.'Flight International, October 24, 1968.
  14. ^Boyne 1998, p. 354.
  15. ^'Lockheed's Rough Ride with Rolls-Royce.'Time, February 15, 1971.
  16. ^Wood, Robert. 'Jumbo Jet engines for Lockheed push Rolls-Royce in red.'Los Angeles Times, November 12, 1970.
  17. ^Lindsey, Robert. 'Lockheed seeks U.S. Engine now: Retooling cost of a switch could run to $100-million.'The New York Times, February 5, 1971.
  18. ^'Canadian 'key' has no plans.'Montreal Gazette, February 9, 1971.
  19. ^Lewis, Antony. 'British grant set for Rolls-Royce: Government to spend up to $100-Million in Rescue Bid.'The New York Times, November 12, 1970.
  20. ^'New Life for TriStar.'Time, May 17, 1971. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  21. ^'Rolls-Royce still alive and kicking.'Montreal Gazette, February 18, 1972.
  22. ^'Engine Update.'Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, Volume 48, 1976, p. 5.
  23. ^Jones, Jack. 'Saddened Lockheed workers still view L-1011 with pride.'Los Angeles Times, December 8, 1981.
  24. ^'Lockheed to stop l-1011 production.'Sumter Daily Item,December 8, 1981.
  25. ^Young, David. 'Look Ma, no hands - learning how to land a jumbo jet.'Chicago Tribune, September 18, 1977.
  26. ^'LTN-92 Laser Gyro INS.'Archived September 27, 2011, at the Wayback MachineNorthrop Grumman. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  27. ^'Report: Lockheed L1011-500 Tristar, CS-TMP.'Archived December 22, 2009, at the Wayback MachineAir Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  28. ^'Report: Lockheed L1011-385-1-14, G-BBAF (p. 5).'Air Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  29. ^Kocivar, Ben. 'Giant Tri-Jets Are Coming.'Popular Science, Volume 197, Issue 6, December 1970, pp. 50–52. ISSN 0161-7370.
  30. ^ abcdeDonald 1997, p. 579.
  31. ^'L-1011: Luxury Among the Clouds'.
  32. ^'Lockheed L-1011.' super70s.com. Retrieved: December 4, 2011.
  33. ^'Delta History - Lockheed L-1011.'Delta Museum. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  34. ^Nevin, Loouis. 'Payoff scandal could prove costly to Lockheed; Japanese might halt orders.'The Bulletin, February 27, 1976.
  35. ^'Lockheed's Japanese data asked in Senate subpoena.'The New York Times, April 3, 1976. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  36. ^Kamm, Henry. 'Lockheed Scandal in Japan headed for its trial phase.'The New York Times, January 24, 1977.
  37. ^Lindsey, Robert. 'Kotchian calls himself the Scapegoat.'The New York Times, July 3, 1977.
  38. ^'Bribery Shokku At the Top.'Time, August 9, 1976. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  39. ^Hunziker, Steven and Ikuru Kamimura. 'The Lockheed Scandal.'Kakuei Tanaka: A Political Biography Of Modern Japan. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  40. ^'Lockheed loses big Japanese contract.'St. Petersburg Times, February 11, 1976.
  41. ^'Facts: The Ilyushin Il-86.'CNN, July 28, 2002. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  42. ^'Soviet Wide-Bodied Jet begins regular service to East Berlin.'Los Angeles Times, July 4, 1981.
  43. ^Birtles 1998.
  44. ^'A British paper said Russia may buy the jet engine used in the Tristar.'Los Angeles Times, November 1, 1973.
  45. ^Neikirk, Bill. 'World hears Carter human rights call.'Chicago Tribune, March 27, 1977.
  46. ^Jacoby, Tamar. 'Did Carter fail on human rights?'Washington Monthly, June 1986.
  47. ^Frawley 2002, p. 44.
  48. ^Prokesch, Steven. 'British Air Purchasing Boeing 747's.'The New York Times, July 7, 1990.
  49. ^'TriStar Tankers..The RAF Goes Widebody'. Air International, Volume 29, No. 6, December 1985, pp. 271–277. Bromley, UK: Fine Scroll.
  50. ^Craig, Hoyle (March 27, 2008). 'UK signs £13 billion tanker deal'. FlightGlobal.
  51. ^Hoyle, Craig. 'RAF TriStars to fly final sortie.'Flight International, March 24, 2014. Retrieved: March 25, 2014.
  52. ^'Tristar used to launch Pegasus.' Orbital.com. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  53. ^'Orbital Sciences Corporation L-1011, Stargazer carries HESSI spacecraft from Vandenberg AFB to the Kennedy Space Center.'Air and Space, February 1, 2002.
  54. ^'Dryden L-1011 Tristar.'NASA Photo Collection. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  55. ^Howarth, Nigel. 'Contrasting fortunes for old freighters in the California desert' Aviation Week & Space Technology, Apr 15, 2014. Accessed: May 24, 2014. Archive
  56. ^'US Airways History.' US Airways. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  57. ^'Pegasus/L-1011.'Orbital ATK, 2015. Retrieved: March 28, 2015.
  58. ^Clark, Stephen. 'Pegasus Launch Report: Launch of NASA X-ray telescope targeted for June.'Spaceflight Now, April 3, 2012. Retrieved: March 28, 2015.
  59. ^ ab'TriStar L1011 / N91011.'TriStar. Retrieved: March 28, 2015.
  60. ^Noak, Thomas. 'N91011 Tristar History and Preservation Lockheed L-1011 Tristar - cn 293B-1241.'Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine planespotters.net, 2015. Retrieved: March 28, 2015.
  61. ^'L1011 / N91011.' Tristar History and Preservation, Inc., 2015. Retrieved: March 28, 2015.
  62. ^LisbonJet, Publicada por. 'Barq Aviation - redelivery of TriStars?'. Retrieved May 1, 2019.
  63. ^'Lockheed L-1011 Tristar incidents.'Aviation-Safety.net, 12 December 12, 2011. Retrieved: December 19, 2011.
  64. ^'Lockheed L-1011 Tristar hull-losses.'Aviation-Safety.net, 12 December 12, 2011. Retrieved: December 19, 2011.
  65. ^'Lockheed L-1011 Tristar Statistics.'Aviation-Safety.net, 12 December 12, 2011. Retrieved: December 19, 2011.
  66. ^'1970 - Lockheed L-1011 Tristar.'Archived April 28, 2012, at the Wayback Machinelockheedclassics.com. Retrieved: August 25, 2012.
  67. ^'Lockheed L.1011 Tristar.'Century of Flight. Retrieved: August 25, 2012.
  68. ^Birtles 1998, p. 111.
  69. ^Job 1994, pp. 99, 101–102.
  70. ^'35 years after jetliner crash, hero gets his due.'Associated Press (msnbc.msn.com), December 25, 2007.
  71. ^https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1978/10/08/the-saving-of-flight-1080/bc18f021-691d-4b19-8041-dc03a089bf6d/
  72. ^Development and Flight Evaluation of an Emergency Digital Flight Control System Using Only Engine Thrust on an F-15 Airplane, NASA TP-3627, Sept. 1996. Burcham, Frank W., Jr., Trindel A. Maine, C. Gordon Fullerton, and Lannie Dean Webb. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/dryden/pdf/88414main_H-2048.pdf
  73. ^http://www.aahs-online.org/journals/journal_template.php?vol_no=v50n4#Article 4
  74. ^NASA Dryden TP-3627, supra p.11
  75. ^The Saving Of Flight 1080. October 8, 1978. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1978/10/08/the-saving-of-flight-1080/bc18f021-691d-4b19-8041-dc03a089bf6d/
  76. ^Annual Reviews in Control 23 (1999) 91-108. FROM SIOUX CITY TO THE X-331. Edmond A. Jonckheere, Poonsuk Lohsoonthorn, and Stephan K. Bohacek. https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~bohacek/Papers/SiouxCity.pdf
  77. ^https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfNBmZy1Yuc&t=1997
  78. ^'265 on Saudi jet die in fiery landing.'Milwaukee Journal, August 20, 1980.
  79. ^'260 feared dead as burning jet's doors jam shut.'Spokesman-Review, August 20, 1980.
  80. ^'2 Children die in freak mishap aboard Saudi Arabian jetliner.'Los Angeles Times, December 24, 1980.(subscription required)
  81. ^'ASN Aircraft accident: Eastern Airlines L-1011, September 22, 1981'. aviation-safety.net. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  82. ^'NTSB Identification: DCA81AA027.'National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved: December 19, 2011.
  83. ^'More DC-10 troubles hinted.'Chicago Tribune, November 28, 1981.
  84. ^'Engines of jumbo jets have troubled history.'Milwaukee Journal,November 28, 1981.
  85. ^Thompson, Steven. 'The Story of Eastern Flight 855.'flytristar.tripod.com. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  86. ^Hijacking description at the Aviation Safety Network
  87. ^'Report on the Accident to Lockheed Tristar G-BBAI at Leeds Bradford Airport on 27 May 1985'(PDF). Accidents Investigation Branch. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
  88. ^'Delta Air Lines Flight 191 Crash.'Archived August 17, 2014, at the Wayback MachineNational Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved: August 25, 2012.
  89. ^Magnuson, Ed. 'Like a Wall of Napalm.'Time, April 18, 2005.
  90. ^Hill, Richard D. 'Investigations and characteristics of major fire-related accidents in civil air transports over the last ten years.'Federal Aviation Administration Technical Center. Retrieved: August 25, 2012.
  91. ^'1986: Bomb kills 21 in Sri Lanka.'BBC, May 3, 1986. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  92. ^'Aircraft Accident Report, Trans World Airlines Flight 843.'Archived June 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine NTSB, March 31, 1993.
  93. ^'Prototype Lockheed L-1011'. Delta Flight Museum. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  94. ^'Accident information : Lockheed L-1011 TriStar Air Transat C-FTNA'. Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
  95. ^'Google Maps view'. Google Maps. Retrieved June 18, 2018.
  96. ^'Lockheed L-1011 TriStar'. Airline History Museum. Airline History Museum. Archived from the original on August 15, 2016. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  97. ^Löffler, Dennis (April 6, 2010). 'Photo: TT-DWE (CN: 193N-1093) Lockheed L-1011-385 Tristar by Dennis Löffler Photoid:6854229'. JetPhotos.Net. JetPhotos.Net. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  98. ^'Airframe Dossier - Lockheed L-1011-200 TriStar, c/n 1190, c/r HZ-AHP'. Aerial Visuals. AerialVisuals.ca. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  99. ^'Chaguaramas Military History & Aerospace Museum.'Trinidad and Tobago Sights. Retrieved: July 16, 2011.
  100. ^'Lockheed L-1011-500 Tristar Original model: L1011-500 9Y-TGN'. JetPhotos.Net. JetPhotos.Net. Retrieved September 20, 2016.
  101. ^Story and arrival video from FOX4 News Kansas City
  102. ^'TriStar History and Preservation, Inc. to preserve a former TAP Air Portugal Lockheed L-1011 TriStar in TWA colors at Kansas City'. World Airline News. January 10, 2015. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
  103. ^Taylor, Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83, pp. 405–406.
  104. ^ ab'Type Certificate No. A23WE'(PDF). FAA. January 11, 2010.
  105. ^Ryan, Tim. 'The 'Lost' aircraft made 28,822 flights before its 'crash'.'Star Bulletin, June 14, 2005.
  106. ^Levine, Matthew. 'El Ten Eleven Transitions (Fake, 2012).'Archived May 23, 2013, at the Wayback MachineBar None Records, November 6, 2012. Retrieved: November 13, 2012.

Bibliography

  • Birtles, Phillip (1998). Lockheed L-1011 TriStar (Airliner Color History). St. Paul: Minnesota: Motorbooks Intl. ISBN978-0-7603-0582-9..
  • Birtles, Philip. Lockheed TriStar (Modern Civil Aircraft No 8). London: Ian Allan, 1989. ISBN978-1-85310-934-8.
  • Boyne, Walter J.Beyond the Horizons: The Lockheed Story. New York: St. Martin's Press, 1998. ISBN978-0-312-19237-2.
  • Bright, C. D. The Jet Makers: The Aerospace Industry from 1945 to 1972. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1978. ISBN0-7006-0172-4.
  • Donald, David, ed. 'Lockheed L-1011 TriStar'. The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft. New York: Barnes & Noble Books, 1997. ISBN0-7607-0592-5.
  • Frawley, Gerard. The International Directory of Military Aircraft, 2002–2003. Fyshwick, ACT, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 2002. ISBN1-875671-55-2.
  • Ingells, D. J. L-1011 TriStar and the Lockheed Story. Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania: TAB-Aero. 1973. ISBN978-0-8168-6650-2.
  • Job, Macarthur. 'Chapter 12: Hey - what's happening here?'. Air Disaster Volume 1. Fyshwick, ACT, Australia: Aerospace Publications Pty Ltd., 1994 ISBN1-875671-11-0.
  • Newhouse, John. The Sporty Game: The High-Risk Competitive Business of Making and Selling Commercial Airliners. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1982. ISBN978-0-394-51447-5.
  • Pugh, Peter. The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, Part Two: The Power Behind the Jets. London: Icon Books, 2001. ISBN1-84046-284-1.
  • Taylor, John W. R.Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1982–83. London: Jane's Yearbooks, 1982. ISBN0-7106-0748-2.
  • Yenne, Bill. Lockheed. New York: Crescent Books, 1987. ISBN0-517-60471-X.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lockheed L-1011 TriStar.
  • 'Presenting the Lockheed L-1011' a 1967 Flight article
  • 'L-1011-500 TriStar technical profile'(PDF). Lockheed.
  • 'Lockheed L-1011 TriStar'. Forecast International. August 2001.
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Author: Syd Adams – Tatsuhiro Nishioka – Ron Jensen
Version: v20110815
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Aerocar
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Aerocar: Aerocar I
Author: Gijs de Rooy
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Aerostar-700
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

aerostar700: Aerostar Super 700
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20110523
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

AG-14: Anderson Greenwood AG-14
Author: Fernando Espinosa
Version: v20101227
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Aichi-D3A
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

val: Aichi D3A (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110629
Status: beta production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dh2: AIRCO D.H.2
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110307
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

AirCrane
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

aircrane: AirCrane (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Heiko Schulz (FDM)
Version: v20110307
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

airwaveXtreme150
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

airwaveXtreme150: Alias for airwaveXtreme150-v1-nl-uiuc.
airwaveXtreme150-v1-nl-uiuc: Airwave Xtreme 150 hang glider (UIUC)
Author: Michael Selig, Captain Slug
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Albatross: Grumman Albatross
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Allegro-2000
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

allegroF: Allegro 2000 (Float)
allegroW: Allegro 2000 (Wheels)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Alouette-II
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

alouette2-easy: Alouette II Easy (Yasim)
alouette2F-easy: Alouette II with floats Easy (Yasim)
alouette2F: Alouette II with floats (Yasim)
alouette2: Alouette II (Yasim)
Author: unknown
Version: v20110523
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Alouette-III
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Alouette-III: Alouette_III_Helicopter
Author: Gerard Robin
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

alphajet: Dassault/Dornier Alphajet
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM), NISHIOKA Tatsuhiro (FDM)
Version: v20110228
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

an2
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

an2: Legendary Russian AN-2
Author: Yurik V. Nikiforoff aka Yurik_nsk – port to FlightGear
Anton Nikolaev aka Xomer – original model for MSFS
Version: v20110815
Status: early-production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

AN-225: Antonov AN-225 heavy/outsize cargo aircraft (YASim fdm)
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ANT-20
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]
Tristar lockheed

ant20: Tupolev ANT 20 Maxime Gorky
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

apache: Apache AH64 D Longbow
Author: maverickalex
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

AR-234
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ar234-C: Arado Ar 234 C (with Wheels)
ar234-v1: Arado Ar 234 (with trolley)
ar234-v9: Arado Ar 234 (with Wheels)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Arsenal-VG33
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

vg33: Arsenal VG33
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

as332: Aerospatiale AS-332 L1
Author: HB-GRAL (AS-332), Melchior Franz (XML/NASAL from BO105), Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ASK13
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ask13-passenger: ASK 13 Passenger View
ask13: Schleicher ASK 13 Glider
Author: Patrice Poly
Version: v20100401
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ask21: Schleicher ASK 21 Glider
Author: Heiko Schulz, AJ MacLeod
Version: v20070701
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ASK21-MI
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ask21mi: Schleicher ASK 21 mi
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110815
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

asw20: Alias for asw20-v1-nl-uiuc.
asw20-v1-nl-uiuc: ASW-20 sailplane (UIUC)
Author: Michael Selig, Roland Stuck (3D)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ATC
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ATC2: Air Traffic Control Ver.2
ATC: Air Traffic Control
Author: Syd Adams, Csaba Halasz
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ATI-Resolution
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Malolo1: Malolo1(R/C)
Author: Innis Cunningham, Josh Wilson
Version: v0.0
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ATR-72-500: ATR 72-500
Author: Ryan Miller (3d), Ryan Miller (FDM)
Version: v20110425
Status: beta
var alt = props.globals.getNode(“devices/status/keyboard/event/modifier/alt”).getBoolValue();
var alt = props.globals.getNode(“devices/status/keyboard/event/modifier/alt”).getBoolValue();
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Avro-Lancaster
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

lancaster: Avro Lancaster
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

b17: Boeing B 17
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110516
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

b1900d
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

b1900d: Beechcraft B1900D
Author: Syd Adams (3d model/FDM) – Jean-Yves Lefort (MKVIII gpws)
Version: v20110727
Status: developement
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

B-1B: Rockwell B-1B Lancer
Author: Markus Zojer, Paul Jay Schrenker
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha

…status visible on SMS display[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

B-2
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

B-2: Northrop B-2 Spirit
Author: Markus Zojer
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

B-24-Liberator
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

b24: B 24 Liberator
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

b25: B 25 Mitchell
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110124
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

b26
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

b26: B-26 Marauder
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

b29-jsbsim: Boeing B-29 Superfortress – JSBSim
b29-magic: Test model B-29
b29:
b29-wingman: Boeing B-29 Superfortress – 4 Ship Formation
b29-yasim: Boeing B-29 Superfortress – YASim
Author: Joshua Babcock
Version: v20110815
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

B-36D-Peacemaker
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

b36d: Consolidated B36 D Peacemaker
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

B-52F: Boeing B-52 F in Arclight colour scheme
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20110629
Status: beta

initialised [/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

BAC-TSR2
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

BAC-TSR2: BAC TSR2 Prototype (YASim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha

initialised[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

beaufighter
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

beaufighter: Beaufighter
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

beech99-v1-uiuc: Beech 99
beech99-yasim: Beech 99 (YASim)
Author: Chuck Dome, Michael Selig (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: Development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Bell-222X
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

bell222x: Bell 222 X (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

p39: Bell P39 Airacobra
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110418
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Bell-P-59
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

p59: Bell P 59 Airacomet
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Bernard-HV220
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

hv220: Bernard HV 220
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bf109g: Messerschmitt BF-109 G14
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20110629
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bleriot-XI
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

bleriot-XI: Bleriot XI (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3F/FDM)
Version: v20110713
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bluebird: Bluebird Explorer Hovercraft
Author: S Andreason
Version: v10.4
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bo105
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

bo105: Eurocopter Bo105
Author: Melchior Franz, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20110713
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bocian: Bocian 1E
Author: AJ MacLeod
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Boeing-247
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

b247D: Boeing 247 D
b247: Boeing 247
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110222
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Boeing314: Boeing 314-A
Author: unknown
Version: v1.5
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Bombardier-415
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

cl415: Bombardier 415
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110629
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

br761: Breguet Br 761
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Breguet-XIX
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

breguet19: Breguet XIX “Point d’Interrogation”
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

buccaneer-obs: Blackburn Buccaneer S2(Observer)
buccaneer: Blackburn Buccaneer S2(YASim)
buccaneer-wingman: Blackburn Buccaneer S2(Wingman)
Author: Vivian Meazza, Anders Gidenstam
Version: v0.1
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Bugatti
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

bugatti: Bugatti model 100P
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Burnelli-CBY-3
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

burnelli: Burnelli CBY 3
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

bv141: Blohm und Voss BV141
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D)
Version: v20110124
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

BV-170
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

bv170: Blohm und Voss BV170
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ac130: AC-130
c130k: C130 K Hercules
c130: C130 Hercules
kc130: KC130 Hercules
Author: Jack Mermod (3D/AC-130 Transition)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c150
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c150: Cessna 150L
Author: Harald Johnsen
Version: v20110113
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

C-160-Transall
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c160: C 160 Transall
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110103
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c172p-2dpanel: Cessna 172P Skyhawk (1981 model), 2D panel
c172p-panel-only: Panel only for IFR-training (Cessna 172P)
c172p: Cessna 172P Skyhawk (1981 model)
Author: David Megginson
Version: v20110815
Status: early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c172r
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c172r: Cessna 172R
Author: Tony Peden (FDM), David Megginson (3D Models), John Check (2D Instruments)
Version: v20110113
Status: early-production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c182-2dpanel: Cessna 182 (2D panel)
c182: Cessna 182
Author: Stuart Buchanan
Version: v20110530
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c182rg
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c182rg: Cessna 182RG
Author: Stuart Buchanan
Version: v20110713
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c-2a: Grumman C 2A
hawkeye: Grumman E 2C Hawkeye
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110815
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c310
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c310dpm-3d: Cessna 310R (1979 model) with 3D cockpit
c310: Cessna 310 (civilian) with 3D cockpit
c310-yasim: Cessna 310 (YASim)
Author: David Megginson (maintained by Stuart Buchanan)
Version: v20110113
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

c310-ifr: Cessna 310 with IFR panel
c310: Alias for c310u3a.
c310u3a-jsbsim: Cessna 310U3A
c310u3a: Cessna 310U3A w. 3D cockpit
Author: Chris Lampard (3D), Jim Wilson (3D, Panel), John Check (Panel), David Megginson (FDM), Tony Peden (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

C684
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

C684: Caudron C.684 Super Rafale
Author: Guillaume Chauvat, Laurent Hayvel (texture)
Version: v20110103
Status: early-production (0.4.13)
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

CanberraBI8
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

CanberraBI8: English Electric Canberra B(I)8 (YASim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott, Josh Babcock
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

caravelle: caravelle
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Carreidas
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

carreidas: Carreidas 160
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Victhor FOSTER (Panel/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

g3: Caudron G.III
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Caudron-G4
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

g4: Caudron G.IV
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Cessna-208-Caravan
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

caravanA: Cessna 208 Caravan (Amphibius)
caravanW: Cessna 208 Caravan (Wheels)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101221
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Cessna-421-Golden-Eagle
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c421: Cessna 421 Golden Eagle
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110222
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

I assume this issue is because of virtualization. Also I can’t modify the folder structures (invalid dos function) within the program. Free download adobe indesign. I can’t edit the acad.pgp and make it stick.

ch47: CH-47 Chinook
Author: Melchior Franz, Maik Justus (FDM),Syd Adams (3D),AndersG
Version: v0.1
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ch53e
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ch53e: Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion
Author: Josh Babcock
Version: v0.1
Status: early alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Citation-II: Cessna 550 Citation-II
Author: Curt Olson – Syd Adams
Version: v20110113
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Citation-Bravo
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Bravo: Cessna 550B – Citation-Bravo
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20110118
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

CitationX: Cessna Citation-X
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20101217
Status: devel
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

colditz
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

colditz: Colditz Escape Glider
Author: Steve Hosgood, Josh Babcock
Version: v20101217
Status: false
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Commonwealth-Ca-12
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ca12: Commonwealth CA 12 “Boomerang”
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ComperSwift
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ComperSwift: Comper Swift
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Concorde: Concorde
Author: unknown
Version: v2.9
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Convair-XFY-1-Pogo
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pogo: Convair XFY 1 Pogo
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D) / JUSTUS Maik (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

couzinet70: Couzinet 70 – Arc en Ciel
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

cri-cri
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

MC-15: Colomban MC-15 Cri-Cri (YASim)
Author: unknown
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

CRJ-200: Bombardier CRJ-200
Author: Joshua Wilson/Nick I
Version: v2
Status: Front Page Release
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

CRJ700-family
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

CRJ1000ER: Bombardier CRJ1000ER
CRJ1000-EuroLite: Bombardier CRJ1000 EuroLite
CRJ1000: Bombardier CRJ1000
CRJ700ER: Bombardier CRJ700ER (with tutorials)
CRJ700LR: Bombardier CRJ700LR (with tutorials)
CRJ700: Bombardier CRJ700 (with tutorials)
CRJ900ER: Bombardier CRJ900ER
CRJ900LR: Bombardier CRJ900LR
CRJ900: Bombardier CRJ900
Author: unknown
Version: v20110629
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Cub: Piper J-3 Cub (J3C-65, 1946 model)
Author: David Megginson (3D, FDM), Jim Wilson (Instruments), Don Lavelle (3D remodel, instrument mods, pilot mods, effects, livery)
Version: v20110110
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

D510
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

d510: Dewoitine D 510
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110307
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

d520: Dewoitine D 520
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110307
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Dauphin
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dauphin: Dauphin (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Reagan Thomas, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dc2: Douglas DC-2
Author: Gijs de Rooy, Jentron
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dc3
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dc3: Douglas DC-3
Author: David Megginson and Dick Maurer
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DC-6B: Douglas DC-6
dc6: Douglas DC-6
Author: Syd Adams.Ron Jensen
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dc8-63
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dc8-63: Douglas DC-8-63
Author: Bob Faulkner, Isaias Prestes
Version: v0.02
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dc8-73: Douglas DC-8-73
Author: Bob Faulkner, Thomas Haigh, Isaias V. Prestes
Version: v0.1
Status: Beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Deperdussin
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

deperdussin: Deperdussin Monocoque
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM/Texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DerKleineUhu
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

DerKleineUhu: Der Kleine UHU (model glider)
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v0.1
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

deuche: Deux Chevaux Citroen
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DG-101G
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dg101g: Glaser-Dirks DG-101G glider (JSBSIM)
Author: Nikolaus Kerner
Version: v2011-06-15
Status: early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dh106: de Havilland DH 106 Comet 4
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110411
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DH-88
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dh88: de Havilland DH 88 Comet
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dh89: De Havilland DH 89
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D, Texture), FABER Detlef (FDM, 3D panel, Texture)
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DH-91
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dh91: DH 91 Albatros
dh91-yasim: DH 91 Albatros (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc1: DHC 1 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc2
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dhc2F: de Havilland Beaver – Floats
dhc2W: de Havilland Beaver – Wheels
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc3A: DHC 3 Otter (Amphibius)
dhc3F: DHC 3 Otter (Floats))
dhc3S: DHC 3 Otter (Skis)
dhc3W: DHC 3 Otter (Wheels)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM), Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20110411
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc4
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dhc4: De Havilland Canada DHC-4 Caribou
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110103
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc6F: de Havilland Twin Otter (floats)
dhc6: de Havilland Twin Otter (wheels)
dhc6S: de Havilland Twin Otter (skis)
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20101217
Status: developement
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dhc8
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dhc8: DHC8-300Q
Author: Alex Park
Version: v20101217
Status: developement
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Diamond-Da42
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

da42: Diamond DA 20 da42
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110110
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

do26: Dornier Do 26
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DO-335
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

do335: Dornier Do 335
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Douglas-Dc3
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dc-3: Douglas DC-3/C4-7
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110815
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Douglas-Dolphin
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dolphin: Douglas Dolphin (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

dox: Dornier Do X
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20110815
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

DR400
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

dr400-120: Robin DR 400 120 (YASim)
dr400-180: Robin DR 400 180 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Laurent WROMMAN (FDM), Laurent HAYVEL (texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Dragonfly: Moyes Dragonfly
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v1.0
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Dromader
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Dromader: PZL M18B Dromader
Author: Pavel Cueto, Fernando Espinosa
Version: v31-02-2011
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

E3B: Boeing E-3B
Author:
Version: v20101217
Status: early production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ec130
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ec130: Eurocopter EC130
Author: Heiko Schulz, Melchior Franz (Nasal)
Version: v1
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ec135: Eurocopter EC135
Author: Heiko Schulz, Maik Justus (FDM), Melchior Franz (Nasal)
Version: v0.6
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ercoupe
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ercoupe: Ercoupe
Author: Ron Jensen (jentron) – FDM 3d Models
(pab) – 3d Models
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

eurofighter
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

typhoon-2: EFA Typhoon: AP 2.Git compatible
typhoonb: EFA Typhoon: AP 1.9.1 compatible
typhoon: EFA Typhoon: AP 2.0 compatible
Author: Maverick Alex and others
Version: v1.4
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f106: Convair F106 Delta Dart
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F-117
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

F-117: F-117 Nighthawk
Author: Gijs de Rooy
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f-14b-bs: F-14b multiplayer back-seater
f-14b: Grumman F-14B
Author: Anders Gidenstam (Dual Control System), Alexis Bory (Dual Navigation and Radar Systems)
Version: v:
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f15c
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

f15c3d: F-15C Eagle (3D Cockpit)
f15c: F-15C Eagle
f15: McDonell Douglas F-15 Eagle
Author: Fabrice Kauffmann
Version: v20101217
Status: Early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f16: General Dynamics F-16 (3d cockpit)
Author: Erik Hofman, Pensacola (skin textures), Martin “Pegasus” Schmitt (panel textures)
Version: v20110629
Status: production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f18
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

f183d: F-18 Hornet Canadian Royal Air Force (3D Cockpit)
f18: F-18 Hornet Royal Canadian Air Force
Author: Fabrice Kauffmann
Version: v20101217
Status: Early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

f4u: Vought F4U-1 Corsair
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20110815
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F6F-Hellcat
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

f6f: GRUMANN F6F Hellcat
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F7F-Tigercat
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

f7f: Grumman F7F Tigercat
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F80C: Lockheed F-80C Shooting Star
Author: David Culp (FDM), Massimo Taccoli, David Culp(3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F-86
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

F-86f: North American F-86 F Sabre
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

F-8E-Crusader
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Crusader:
Author: unknown
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fairchild-C119
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

c119: Fairchild C119
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110713
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fairchild-Metroliner
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

metroliner: Fairchild Metroliner
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110324
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

falcon50: Dassault Falcon 50
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110307
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Farman-IV
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

farman-IV: Farman IV
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

fk9mk2: FK 9 Mark 2
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

fkdr1
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

fkdr1: Fokker Dr.1 (JSB)
fkdr1-v1-nl-uiuc: Fokker Dr.1 (UIUC)
Author: Michael Selig (FDM) Erik Hofman (FDM) Ron Jensen (FDM), Erik Hofman (3D model)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

flash2a: Mainair Flash 2 Alpha
Author: Stuart Buchanan
Version: v20110530
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

fokker100
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

fokker100: Fokker 100 (F-28-0100)
fokker70: Fokker 70 (F-28-070)
xf100: NG-Aircraft XF-100 (Fokker F-28-0100NG)
Author: Erik Hofman, Isaias Prestes, Michel Maia, Thomas Ito-Haigh
Version: v20110411
Status: Beta 0.4
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

fokker50: Fokker 50
Author: Erik Hofman / Charlie Andrews / The FlightGear community
Version: v20101217
Status: early development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fokker-Eindecker-EIII
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

eiii: Fokker Eindecker E III
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110307
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fokker-S-11
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

s11: Fokker S 11
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

followme: Follow Me
Author: Gijs de Rooy
Version: v20110629
Status: early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Ford-Trimotor
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

trimotor: Ford 4.AT Trimotor
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fouga-Magister
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

fouga: Fouga Magister
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110629
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

fw190a8: Focke-Wulf FW-190 A8
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fw200
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

fw200: Focke-Wulf Fw 200
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel / FrankG
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Fw61: Focke Wulf FW61 (YASIM)
Author: Oliver Predelli
Version: v20101217
Status: early production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

G-164
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

G-164A: Grumman G-164A Ag-Cat
Author: Guillaume Chauvat
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha (0.2.2)
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

geebee: Racer Gee Bee
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D)/ BACON Guillaume (Sounds,Electrical)/ Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20110815
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Gloster-Meteor
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

gloster-meteor-jsb: Gloster Meteor
gloster-meteor: Gloster Meteor
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Ron Jensen (JSBSim FDM), Thomas Haigh (Cockpit)
Version: v20110530
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

g109: Grob G109
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D,FDM), Jon STOCKIL (Panel, FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Grob-G115
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

g115: Grob G115
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D,FDM), Jon STOCKILL (Panel, FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

h1: Hughes H1 racer
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

H-21C-Shawnee
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

H-21C: Piasecki_H-21C_Helicopter
Author: Gerard Robin
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

H4-Hercules
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

h4: Hughes H4 Hercules
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Benjamin DELRUE (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM Yasim)
Version: v20110307
Status: 1.1
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Handley-Page-Halifax
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

halifax: Handley Page halifax
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110509
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Hansajet: Hamburger Flugzeugbau HFB Hansajet
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v0.1
Status: early development

devices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/altdevices/status/keyboard/alt[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

harrier
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

harrier: British Aerospace Harrier (YASim)
Author: Andy Ross(FDM), Steve Havlir(3d Model, Panel)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Hawker-Siddeley-Nimrod
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

nimrod: Hawker Siddeley Nimrod
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110404
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

He162: Heinkel 162 – Salamander alias Volksjaeger
Author: Michael Koehne
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Heinkel-He-178
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

he178: Heinkel He 178
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

hm-14: HM 14 Pou du Ciel
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]
n/a
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Hornet
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

hornet: Autogiro Hornet (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel Baranger, Don Shoebridge, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Horten-Ho-IX
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ho-ix: Horten Ho IX
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

hsp75: Henschel Hs P 75
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110207
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Hughes-XF11
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

xf11: Hughes XF 11
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

hunter-2tanks: Hawker Hunter GA11 (2 Tanks)
hunter: Hawker Hunter GA11 (YASim)
Author: Vivian Meazza
Version: v20110629
Status:early-production

/devices/status/keyboard/ctrl /devices/status/keyboard/ctrl /devices/status/keyboard/ctrl /devices/status/keyboard/ctrl [/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

HUP-Retriever
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

HUP: Piasecki_HUP_Helicopter
Author: Gerard Robin
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

hurricaneIIb: Hawker Hurricane IIb
Author: Vivian Meazza
Version: v20110815
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

IAR80
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

IAR80: IAR 80A (six MG variant)
Author: Emilian Huminiuc
Version: v20110727
Status: advanced production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

il2: Ilyoushin Il-2 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

j22
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

j22: Soko J-22 Orao / IAR-93
Author: Matevz Jekovec
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

j7w2: J7W2 Shinden (jet)
j7w: J7W Shinden
Author: Tat Nishioka
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Jaguar
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

jaguar:
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel, StuartC, Armchair Ace
Version: v4.3
Status: 4.3 Alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

JAS39-Gripen
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

gripen: SAAB Jas 39 Gripen
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101221
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

gpa: GPA amphibious Jeep
jeep: Willys Jeep
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

jetman
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

jetman: Jetman
Author: Gijs de Rooy
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ju52floats: Junkers Ju-52-3m
ju52: Junkers Ju-52-3m
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20110228
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Ju-87
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ju87: Junker Ju 87 Stuka (Yasim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Junkers-G.38ce
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

g38: Junkers G.38ce (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

K5Y1: K5Y1 Aka Tombo (Type 93 Intermediate Trainig Airplane by Japanese Navy)
Author: Tatsuhiro Nishioka
Version: v0.1
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

K-7
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

k7: Tupolev ANT 20 Maxime Gorky
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ka50: Kamov Ka 50 Black Shark (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Katana
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

katana: Diamond DA 20 Katana
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

KC135: Boeing KC-135E
Author:
Version: v20101217
Status: early production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Ki-84
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Ki-84: Ki-84 Hayate
Author: Tat Nishioka
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

km: Caspian Sea Monster
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

kodiak
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

kodiak: Quest Aircraft Kodiak 100
Author: Aimo Graf
Version: v20101227
Status: early-developement
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

L-1011-500: Lockheed L-1011-500 TriStar
Author: Gijs de Rooy, Tiago Gusmão (3D), Jentron (FDM)
Version: v20110629
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

l39
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

l39: Aero Vodochody L-39 Albatros
Author: Fabrice KAUFFMANN
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

la5: Lavochkin La 5 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lancair-235
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

lancair235: Lancair 235 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110118
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

late29F: Latécoère 290 (Floats)
late29W: Latécoère 290 (Wheels)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101227
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Late-631
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

late631: Latecoere 631
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

lightning: English Electric Lightning F.1A
Author: AJ MacLeod
Version: v20110705
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lionceau
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

lionceau: Lionceau APM20
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Sebastien MARQUE (Instruments), Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed1049
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Lockheed1049: Lockheed 1049 Super Constellation
Author: unknown
Version: v1.5
Status: early-production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed1049h
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Lockheed1049h: Lockheed 1049H Super Constellation
Author: Gary Neely
Version: v1.0
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed-NF104
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

f104: Lockheed F-104
Author: Erik Hofman (FDM), Emmanuel BARANGER, Kent Esbenshade (3D)
Version: v20110629
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed-NF104A
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

nf104a: Lockheed NF 104 A
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110324
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed-P38
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

p38: Lockheed P 38
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed-SR71
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

sr71: Lockheed SR 71 Blackbird (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lockheed-Vega
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

vega: Lockheed Vega
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

long-ez: Rutan Long EZ
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), Daniel MORTARA (FDM)
Version: v20110124
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Lynx-WG13
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Lynx: Lynx-WG13_Helicopter
Author: Gerard Robin
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Macchi-Castoldi-MC72
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

mc72: Macchi Castoldi M.C. 72
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

m33: Macchi M33
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

marchetti
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

marchetti: Alias for marchetti-v1-uiuc.
marchetti-v1-uiuc: Siai Marchetti S.211 (UIUC)
Author: Michael Selig
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

MB326: Aermacchi MB326G Armada
Author: Charles INGELS
Version: v20101217
Status: Release candidate
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

MD11
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

MD11-FEDEX: McDonnel Douglas MD11
MD11-FINNAIR: McDonnel Douglas MD11
MD11-KLM: McDonnel Douglas MD11
MD11: McDonnel Douglas MD11
Author: Ampere Hardraade
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

me209v1: Messerschmitt Me 209 V1
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ME-262
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

me262: Messerschmitt Me-262
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/ / Michael KOEHNE (FDM) / Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20110530
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ME-262HGIII
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

me262hg3: Messerschmitt Me-262 HG III
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/ / Michael KOEHNE (FDM) / Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

me323d: Messerschmitt Me323-D
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Messerschmitt-Libelle
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

libelle: Messerschmitt Libelle
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110411
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Messerschmitt-P1101
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

p1101: Messerschmitt Me P1101
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

MiG-15bis: MiG-15bis (JSBSim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott, Victor Slavutinskiy, with great help from Yurik V. Nikiforoff
Version: v20101227
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Mig-29
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Mig-29: MiG-29 Fulcrum
Author: unknown
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Assimil el nuevo italiano sin esfuerzo pdf. mi12: Mil Mi 12 (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

mirage2000
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

mirage2000: Mirage 2000C/RDI
Author: Fabrice Kauffmann
Version: v20101217
Status: Early development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Mirage_F1: Mirage F1
Author: Charles INGELS(FDM), Alexis LAILLE (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: early production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

MirageIII
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

mirage5: Mirage 5
mirageIIING: Mirage IIING
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110124
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

mirageIV: Mirage IV
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel / Flavien BLANC
Version: v20110103
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

mosquito
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

mosquito: de Havilland Mosquito B Mk 16
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

clemenceau: Multiplayer carrier Clemenceau – Other pilots can land on it.
eisenhower: Multiplayer Eisenhower – Other pilots can land on it.
nimitz: Multiplayer Nimitz – Other pilots can land on it.
vinson: Multiplayer carrier Carl Vinson – Other pilots can land on it.
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v0.1
Status: experimental
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

MRJ
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

MRJ90-STD: MRJ90-STD (JSBSim)
Author: Tatsuhiro Nishioka
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ms406: Morane-Saulnier MS.406
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Nakajima-B5N
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

kate: Nakajima-B5N Kate (Yasim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110629
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Nieuport-11
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

nieuport11: Nieuport 11
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

N2501: Nord-2501 Noratlas
N2502: Nord-2502 Noratlas
Author: Gerard ROBIN
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Nord-2502
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

nord2501: Noratlas Nord 2501 (YASim)
nord2502: Noratlas Nord 2502 (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Nordstern: Zeppelin LZ 121 “Nordstern” airship
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v:
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Northrop-P61
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

p61: Northrop P 61
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Northrop-xb35
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

xb35: Northrop XB 35
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM), NOVOTNY Adrian (many details)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ogel: ogeL experimental for JSBSim 2.x (fg after 0.9.9)
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v20101217
Status: early-production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

OH-1
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

OH-1: Kawasaki OH-1 Ninja
Author: Tatsuhiro Nishioka
Version: v0.1
Status: development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ornithopter
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ornithopter: Ornithopter (UIUC)
Author: Lee Elliot (3D), Michael Selig (FDM), Jim Wilson (Instruments)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

OV10_BlkPony: North American OV-10A Black Pony Bronco
OV10_CDF: North American OV-10A CDF Bronco
OV10_NASA: North American OV-10A NASA Bronco
OV10_USAFE: North American OV-10A USAFE Bronco
Author: David Culp (FDM), Jens Thoms Toerring/Capt. Slug/David Culp (3D)
Version: v20110307
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

P180
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

P180-YASim: Piaggio P180 Avanti II (YASim)
Author: Guillaume Chauvat
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

P-38-Lightning
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

F-5B: F-5B_Lightning
P-38L: P-38L_Lightning
Author: Gerard ROBIN
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

p47d-30: P47D
Author: Syd Adams
Version: v20110530
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

p51d
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

p51d-jsbsim: P-51D (JSBSim)
p51d: P-51D
Author: Jim Wilson, Jon Berndt and Hal V. Engel
Version: v20110815
Status: early production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pa22-160: PA-22-160
Author: Robert Leda (3D), Pawel Luchowski (Nasal)
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pa24-250
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pa24-250-CIIB: Piper Comanche 250, CIIB autopilot
pa24-250-CIII: Piper Comanche 250, CIII autopilot
Author: Dave Perry
Version: v20110222
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pa28-161: Piper Cherokee Warrior II (1979 model)
Author: David Megginson
Version: v20110713
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

PaperAirplane
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

paperairplane: Paper airplane
Author: Skyop (3d), Patrice Poly (Schleicher ASK 13 FDM)
Version: v20110103
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

paraglider-jsbsim: paraglider
paraglider: Alias for paraglider-jsbsim.
Author: David Culp (FDM), Capt. Slug (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

payen-pa100
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pa100: PAYEN Pa 100
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Tristar lockheed
PBY-Catalina
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Catalina-plib:
Catalina:
Author: unknown
Version: v20110815
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

PC6-B2H4: Pilatus PC-6 Turbo Porter B2H4
Author: Detlef Faber – JeeP Cheney
Version: v20110509
Status: V 1.0 30/03/2011
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

PC-9M
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

PC-9M: Pilatus PC-9M
Author: Petar Jedvaj, Ernest Teuscher
Version: v20110307
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Pioneer-200
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pioneer200: Pioneer 200 (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110113
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Piper-PA-18
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pa18: Piper PA 18
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Piper-PA-32
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pa32: Piper PA 32
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110411
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pittss1c: Pitts S1C
Author: Stuart Buchanan, Dave Perry
Version: v20110530
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Polikarpov-I16
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

i16: Polikarpov I16
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pond: Rutan Pond Racer (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Potez-630
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

potez630: Potez 630
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Pterodactyl
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

pterodactyl: Westland Pterodactyl
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pushback: Pushback
Author: Gijs de Rooy
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Quickie
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

quickie2: Rutan Quickie 2
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

R22: Robinson R22 Beta II
Author: Syd Adams, Maik Justus
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

R44
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

clipper-copilot: Robinson R44 Clipper (copilot)
clipper: Robinson R44 Clipper
raven-copilot: Robinson R44 Raven II (copilot)
raven: Robinson R44 Raven II
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), AUBERGER Jean Michel (FDM), BACON Guillaume (Sounds and Simulation Config), DE L’HAMAIDE Clément (Dual Control)
Version: v20110523
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

RafaleB17: Dassault Rafale B Escadron de chasse 1/7 Provence
RafaleT18: Dassault Rafale B Tigermeet 2008
Author: Fabrice Kauffmann
Version: v20101217
Status: Early development
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

RAF-S-E-5
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

se5: RAF S.E.5
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

rallye-MS893
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

rallye-MS893: Socata Rallye MS893E
Author: and most of the configuration files are modified from other aircrafts of various authors
Patrice Poly “WooT” ( 3D, FDM ) Beber ( Sounds )
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Rascal110-JSBSim: Rascal 110 (R/C)
Rascal110-YASim: Rascal 110 (R/C)
Author: Lee Elliot (3D) Dave Culp (JSBsim dynamics) and Curt Olson
Version: v0.1
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

RV-6A
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

RV-6A: RV-6A (YASim)
Author: K.T (Panel/Texture), tetsu (3D Model), Tatsuhiro Nishioka(FDM, nasal, etc)
Version: v0.1
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Ryan-Navion
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

navion: Ryan Navion
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

pt22: Ryan PT 22 (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110509
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Ryan-SoSL
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ryan-sosl: Ryan NYP “Spirit of St Louis”
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM), Laurent HAYVEL (Texture)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

S-51-Dragonfly
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

S-51: Sikorsky-S51_Helicopter
Author: Gerard Robin and Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Note: This Early Access game is not complete and may or may not change further. “The Black Death is an excellent survival game that features base building,. Jun 6, 2017 - The #1 community generated wiki resource for the medieval survival MMO The Black Death published by Green Man Gaming Publishing. Black death games for kids.

SaabJ35Draken
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

SaabJ35OeDraken: Saab J35Oe Draken
Author: Oliver Reischl
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

santa: Santa Claus (3d cockpit)
Author: unknown
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

seahawk
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

carrier:
seahawk-2tanks: Hawker Seahawk FGA6 (2 Tanks)
seahawk-RNHF: Hawker Seahawk FGA6 RNHF
seahawk: Hawker Seahawk FGA6
seahawk-wingman: Hawker Seahawk FGA6 (Wingman)
Author: Lee Elliott, Vivian Meazza
Version: v20101217
Status: early-production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

sea-vixen: de Havilland SeaVixen FAW2 (YASim)
Author: Vivian Meazza
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

SenecaII
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

SenecaII-panelonly: PA34-200T Seneca II (no 3d model, 2d panel only)
SenecaII: PA34-200T Seneca II
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v1.0
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

sgs233: Schweizer 2-33
Author: David Culp, Captain Slug (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: true
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Short_Empire
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Short_Empire: Short S.23 ‘C’-class Empire flying boat.
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v:
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Short-Stirling
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

stirling: Short Stirling
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

shuttle-jsbsim: Space Shuttle
shuttle: Alias for shuttle-jsbsim.
Author: Jon S. Berndt
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Sikorsky-76C
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

s76c: Sikorsky S76C++
Author: Syd Adams(Model), Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Sikorsky-S38
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

s38: Sikorsky S38
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)
Version: v20110222
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Sikorsky-S58
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

s58: Sikorsky S58 (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Reagan Thomas, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

skyranger: Skyranger
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Skyvan
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

skyvan: Short SC.7 Skyvan
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

s55: Savioa Marchetti S55
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

snowplow
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

snowplow: Snow Plow
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v1.0
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

sopwithCamel
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

sopwithCamel: Sopwith Camel 1F.1 (uiuc)
sopwithCamel-v1-nl-uiuc: Sopwith Camel
sopwithCamel-YASim: Sopwith Camel 1F.1 (YASim)
Author: AJ MacLeod, Vivian Meazza, Michael Selig(FDM)
Version: v20110629
Status: early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

SpaceShip-One
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

spaceshipone: SpaceShipOne/White Knight
ss1: SpaceShipOne
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

spadvii: S.P.A.D. VII (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Spitfire
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

seafireIIIc: Supermarine Seafire MkIIIc
spitfireIIa: Supermarine Spitfire IIa
spitfireVb: Supermarine Spitfire MkVb
Author: Vivian Meazza
Version: v20110705
Status: production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

spitfireIX: Supermarine Spitfire Mk IX
spitfireLF-IX: Supermarine Spitfire Mk IX
Author: Detlef Faber
Version: v20110228
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

sr20
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

sr20: Cirrus SR-20 (Test!)
Author: Erik Hofman (3D)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

SR71-BlackBird
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Blackbird-A: SR-71A BlackBird
Blackbird-B: SR-71B BlackBird
Author: was Gerard ROBIN, updated by grtux hangar team https://sites.google.com/site/grtuxhangar/
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha, “GPL Copyright”
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

stampe: Stampe SV 4 Br
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM), Laurent HAYVEL (Livery)
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Starship
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

starship: Beechcraft Starship I
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

stearman: stearman
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D,FDM)
Version: v20110110
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Stieglitz
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

stieglitz: Focke Wulf FW44 Stiegltz (YASIM)
Author: Oliver Predelli
Version: v20101217
Status: production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

stiletto: Douglas X 3 Stiletto (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), AJ (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Storch
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Fi-156-de: Fi-156 Storch with German Instruments
Fi-156-passenger: Fi-156-passenger multiplayer passenger
Fi-156: Fi-156 Storch
Author: Ron Jensen
Version: v$
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

SU-37: Sukoi SU-37 type aircraft (YASim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: experimental

initialised [/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Submarine_Scout
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

Submarine_Scout-observer: Submarine Scout Zero airship multiplayer observer
Submarine_Scout: Royal Naval Air Service Submarine Scout Zero airship
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v:
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Super-Etendard
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

super-etendard: Dassault-Breguet Super Etendard
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel
Version: v20110324
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Super-Frelon
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

superfrelon: Super Frelon (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Reagan Thomas, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

superguppySGT
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

superguppySGT: NASAsuperguppySGT
Author: Pierre Duval
Version: v20110629
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Supermarine-S.6B
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

s6b: Supermarine S6B
s6b-yasim: Supermarine S6B (YASim)
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM)
Version: v20110118
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

superwal: Dornier Superwal (YASIM)
Author: Oliver Predelli
Version: v20101217
Status: production
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

T37
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

t37: Cessna T-37
Author: Erik Hofman
Version: v20110103
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

T38: Northrop T-38
Author: David Culp (FDM), Erik Hofman/Innis Cunningham/Capt. Slug (3D)
Version: v20101217
Status: early production
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

T-4
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

T-4-jsbsim: Kawasaki T-4 “Blue Impulse” (JSBSim)
T-4-yasim: Kawasaki T-4 “Blue Impulse (yasim)”
Author: Tatsuhiro Nishioka
Version: v20101217
Status: development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

TBM-Avenger
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

avenger: GRUMANN TBM Avenger
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D/FDM)
Version: v20101227
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

p92A: Tecnam P92 Echo amphibious (YASim)
p92W: Tecnam P92 Echo Wheels (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM)/BACON Guillaume (Sounds)
Version: v20110629
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Tigre
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

tigre: Eurocopter EC 665 (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D)
Version: v20110328
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

TU-114: TU-114 Airliner (YASim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: development

initialised[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

tu154
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

tu154: Tupolev 154 (YASim)
Author: Ilia Pavlenko, Ilja Moderau, Denis Okan and Mike Savchenko
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

mibs: FG video assistant
ufo: UFO from the ‘White Project’ of the UNESCO
Author: Syd Adams, Melchior Franz
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

UH-1
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

uh1: Bell UH 1 “Huey”
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (FMD/3D), Heiko Schulz (3D/FDM), Simon Lister (3D), Maik Justus (FDM, sound)
Version: v20110110
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

uh60: Sikorsky UH60 BlackHawk
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Reagan Thomas, Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v20101217
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

V22-Osprey
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

v22: Bell Boeing V22 Osprey (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Maik Justus (FDM)
Version: v0.2
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Velocity-XL
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

velocity: Velocity XL (YASim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D/FDM), Brian GLADDEN (3D), John LICHTENBERGER (FDM)
Version: v20110113
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Vickers-Vimy
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

vimy: Vickers Vimy
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

victor: Handley Page Victor
Author: Alex Park
Version: v20110629
Status: alpha
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

VMX22-Osprey
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

vmx22: Bell Boeing VMX22 Osprey (Yasim)
Author: BARANGER Emmanuel (3D), Maik Justus (FDM), Oliver Thurau (3D upgrade and FDM / XML upgrade)
Version: v0.59-28.08.2010
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Software Fly The Tristar Lockheed L 1011 Fs2004

Vostok-1: Vostok-1 (JBSim FDM)
Author: Victor Slavutinskiy
Version: v20110530
Status: alfa
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

vulcanb2
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

vulcanb2: Avro Vulcan B.2
Author: Stuart Buchanan
Version: v20110530
Status: beta
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

wrightFlyer1903
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

wrightFlyer1903: 1903 Wright Flyer (UIUC)
Author: Jim Wilson (3D), Michael Selig, PhD (FDM)
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

X15-new: North American X-15
X15: North American X-15
Author: Mike Hill, Jon S. Berndt (FDM), John Check
Version: v20101217
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

x24b
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

x24b-jsbsim: USAF/NACA X-24B reentry testbed
x24b: Alias for x24b-jsbsim.
x24: Alias for x24b.
Author: Jon S. Berndt
Version: v20101217
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

YardStik: Yard Stik (R/C)
Author: Innis Cunningham
Version: v0.0
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

YF-23
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

NTPS: Northrop/McDonnell Douglas YF-23 ATF prototype (YASim FDM)
YF-23: Northrop/McDonnell Douglas YF-23 ATF prototype (YASim FDM)
Author: Lee Elliott
Version: v20101217
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

YS-11-jsbsim: YS-11 (JSBSim)
YS-11: YS-11 (Yasim)
Author: Tatsuhiro Nishioka
Version: v0.1
Status: development
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ZF_Navy_free_balloon
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

ZF_Navy_free_balloon: US Navy ZF free gas balloon
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v:
Status: beta
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ZivkoEdge540: Zivko EDGE 540
Author: Torsten Dreyer
Version: v0.1
Status: alpha
[/column] [column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

Zlin-50lx
Download:
[Mirror 1][Mirror 2][Mirror 3]

z50lx-IFR: Zlin 50 lx
z50lx: Zlin 50 lx
Author: Emmanuel BARANGER (3D), Pierre GEOFFROY (FDM), Sebastien MARQUE (Panel), Laurent HAYVEL (Texture), Victhor (IRF Mod)
Version: v20110131
[/column]
[end_columns]
[column width=”31%” padding=”2%”]

ZLT-NT-copilot: Zeppelin NT07 multiplayer copilot
ZLT-NT: Zeppelin NT07 airship
Author: Anders Gidenstam
Version: v:
Status: beta
[/column]